Lexicon

With Frame Overo Spotting, the horse has a distinct, horizontal orientation of white patches and a coloured back. The pattern is very variable in appearance, sometimes with very little or no white. Often there is a blaze with more white in the forehead region. Blue eyes and a coloured upper lip are also possible. The term "frame" indicates that the white patches usually do not exceed the back when viewed from the side.

Horses with one copy (O/n) show the spotting. Horses with two copies of the mutation (O/O) are affected by OLWS (Overo Lethal White Syndrome) and die within a few days after birth due to constipation colic.

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Frisian dwarfism (FD) causes abnormal growth of the legs and chest, resulting in severe health problems. The disease is inherited autosomal recessively.

Furnishing (wire-haired) refers to the length and texture of the hair. The dog has rather wavy to curly coat and very pronounced hair on eyebrows and beard. This coat structure occurs in many different breeds.

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The SynchroGait®-Test is able to identify the genetic key factor responsible for the leg coordination. With this information we can predict a horse’s performance in two different categories:

• Flying pace for breeds participating in harness-races
• Natural capacity for alternative gaits in certain breeds ("gaited" horses)

A gene defect is the deviation of a certain genetic information that leads to a defective gene product.
The defective gene product subsequently leads to symptoms of malfunction, which can vary in severity depending on the type of defect and the importance of the affected gene.

Genomic heterozygosity, as determined by SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) arrays or whole genome sequencing, provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity and health of an individual or population. The value is given as a percentage and indicates the proportion of the analysed markers that are heterozygous. The HE value is regarded as a decisive indicator of the genetic health, adaptability and fitness of individuals and populations.

The genomic inbreeding coefficient (GIC) quantifies the extent of inbreeding within an individual by directly evaluating the genome of the animal being analysed. In general, the ‘inbred proportion of the genome’ is the proportion that is homozygous as a result of descent from common ancestors. Direct insight into the genome using SNP arrays or whole genome sequencing (WGS) reveals the affected areas independently of pedigree data, which only cover a limited number of generations and are based on unverified ancestry data.

Alongside heterozygosity values and ROH profiles, the GIC is one of the building blocks of genome-based assessment for inbreeding & fitness.

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (Equine coagulopathy - GT) is a blood clotting disorder in horses and causes recurrent nosebleeds and frequent other bleeding. This is caused by a dysfunction of the blood platelets (thrombocytes).

Glycogen Storage Disease IV (GSD IV) causes energy deficiency in muscles and organs due to a disorder in glycogen metabolism. The disease occurs in the Quarter Horse and related breeds.

Synonym: Glycogen Branching Enzyme Deficiency (GBED)

Glycogen storage disease IIIa (GSD 3a) is a metabolic disease. In type 3a, glycogen cannot be metabolised due to an enzyme defect. This leads to glycogen accumulation in the liver and muscles, which are impaired in their function. The symptoms of lethargy, exercise intolerance and collapse occur at the age of 14 months.

The disease occurs in the Curly Coated Retriever. The inheritance is autosomal recessive.

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