Arabian Horses
Arabian horses are among the oldest and most noble horse breeds in the world. They originated in the desert regions of the Middle East. The Arabian Thoroughbred is known for its refined, finely shaped head, arched neck, and exceptional endurance. Due to their intelligence, speed, and elegance, Arabians are used worldwide in breeding, endurance riding, and leisure activities. Furthermore, they have been used for centuries to refine many modern horse breeds and are present in numerous bloodlines, significantly enhancing their performance and expressiveness.
Profile
Origin: Arabian Peninsula
Type: Thoroughbred
Color: All colors
Weight: 450 to 550 kg
Height at the withers: 140 to 160 cm
Discipline: Endurance, leisure horse, show horse
Breeding History
Arabian Thoroughbreds are among the oldest and most distinguished horse breeds in the world. All horses bearing the designation "asil" or "purebred" can be traced directly to the desert horse bloodlines of the Bedouins. On the Arabian Peninsula, Arabians have been bred since the 7th century. For centuries, they served as the desert horses of the Bedouins. Through the Arab conquests, these horses became known in Europe. In the 19th century, several European royal families imported Arabian stallions to refine their breeding programs. Arabian mares were also imported to establish pure breeding lines of their own.
Over time, the Arabian has had a major influence on many other horse breeds, including almost all warmblood breeds as well as the English Thoroughbred.
Breeding
The goal of Arabian Thoroughbred breeding is pure breeding. Within this method, both the Arabian Thoroughbred and the Shagya Arabian are approved for refinement.
Exterior (Appearance)
Typical features of a purebred Arabian include the noble head with large eyes, dry and refined bone structure, and a harmonious overall build. Some Arabians also display the breed-typical concave (dished) profile. The characteristic body structure includes a high-set, long, arched neck, a long and sloped wither, and a short back. The croup is relatively long, and the tail is carried high.
A special trait of Arabian Thoroughbreds is the number of vertebrae: unlike other breeds, they often have only 17 instead of 18 ribs, 15 instead of 16–18 tail vertebrae, and five instead of six lumbar vertebrae.
Interior (Temperament)
The breeding goal for Arabian Thoroughbreds describes their temperament as uncomplicated and mentally resilient. Admirers of the breed value them for their patience, intelligence, and pronounced openness. Despite occasional skittishness, they possess stamina, willingness to perform, inner strength, and frugality.
Additionally, purebred Arabians can be described as very sensitive and responsive.
Hereditary Diseases
In the Arabian Thoroughbred breed, the following genetic disorders must be considered in breeding selection: