Malignant Hyperthermia (MH Dog)
Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is also known as "Canine Stress Syndrome (CSS)". Affected animals exhibit symptoms such as high fever, muscle cramps/stiffness, or respiratory distress. Some affected animals appear healthy, but exhibit the above symptoms under stress.
The disease occurs in many breeds. The inheritance is autosomal dominant. It occurs when one or both copies of the gene (n/MH or MH/MH) are affected by the mutation.
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Symptoms
- High fever
- Muscle cramps/stiffness
- Breathing difficulties
General Information
- Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is also known as "Canine Stress Syndrome" (CSS).
- Some affected animals appear to be healthy but exhibit the above symptoms under stress.
- The application of narcotics and muscle relaxants promote the occurrence of MH, so it is essential to test for MH before medical treatment or surgery.
Breeds affected
Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd, Doberman and many other breeds.
Test Information
This mutation test detects a change in a single base pair (c.1640T>C) in exon 15 of the RYR1 gene.
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Genotype and Lab Report
Inheritance: autosomal-dominant
→ The disease occurs when one or both copies of the gene (n/MH or MH/MH) are affected by the mutation.
Genotypes:
n/n = normal
The dog has no variants for MH and therefore cannot pass it on to offspring.
n/MH = affected (heterozygous)
The mutation is passed on to 50% of the offspring. These 50% are also affected.
MH/MH = affected (homozygous)
100% of the mutation is passed on to the offspring. All offspring are also affected.
Recommendations
Carrier animals (n/MH) or affected animals (MH/MH) should not be used for breeding.
Literature
Roberts, M.C., Mickelson, J.R., Patterson, E.E., Nelson, T.E., Armstrong, P.J., Brunson, D.B., Hogan, K.: Autosomal dominant canine malignant hyperthermia is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle calcium release channel (RYR1). Anesthesiology 95:716-725, 2001. Pubmed reference: 11575546.
Further information is available at: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals.